基于主体功能区划自然保护区生态补偿机制之构建与完善

根据国家主体功能区划,自然保护区被界定为禁止开发区域,必然要对其科学有效地实施生态补偿;自然保护区生态补偿机制应当结合当前主体功能区划的政策导向,进行重新定位与构建。依据公共物品与外部性等理论,为缓解现实矛盾,需积极探索构建多元化融资渠道的保护区生态补偿机制,主要涉及政府与市场两种基本途径或机制范畴,合理安排相应的政策引导与制度创新。制度构建的关键在于加快自然保护区生态补偿的立法调整,无论是政府财政转移支付还是市场经济手段的生态补偿政策,都需要立法确定其方针原则、实施模式及机制。

Policy of the Main Function Districts Guide on the Consummate Ecological Compensation Mechanism of Nature Reserves

According to the main body function regionalization of the nation,nature reserves is defined as such a place in which development is prohibited.The mind of ecology compensation should be implemented effectively and scientificly.The mechanism of ecology compensation in nature reserve should be reposited and constructed combined with policy-oriented of nation＇s main body function regionalization;following with the inadequate investment,capital shortage became the serious restriction which made the effective management of nature reserve difficult.The ecological compensation mechanism needs to be improved.Based on theoretical basis of public goods and externalities,aimed at the urgent requirements of mitigating the contradictions,explore actively ecological compensation mechanism of the nature reserve adopted diversified financing channels,mainly related to the two basic ways of government and the market mechanism,appropriate policy guidance and institutional innovation should arranged.The key protection is accelerate the adjustment of legislation of nature reserve＇s ecological compensation,no matter the government and the financial transfer payment or a market economy means,both of them need to establish the guidelines and principles、models and mechanisms by legislation.