中世纪晚期英国的济贫法制度

中世纪晚期,英国严重的流民和贫困问题使得社会处于极度不稳定状态,并引发社会舆论的高度关注,促使英国政府不得不采取措施加以应对,英国地方政府所采取的济贫措施促使中央政府济贫法制度的建立。中世纪晚期英国的济贫法制度经历了一个从惩罚性政策到惩罚性政策与救济性政策相结合的转变过程,在其建立过程中地方政府的济贫实践及政策选择具有重要影响,并体现出货币救济、实物救济与劳动救济相结合,政府救济与慈善救济相结合的特征。

Sociology Department,Huazhong On Poor Law in Britain in the Late Middle Age

In the late Middle Age,vagrants and poverty in Britain posed a serious problem which put the whole society to an extremely unstable condition,thus attracting great attention from the public.British government was forced to take steps to solve the problem.The relief measures taken by the local governments prompted the establishment of Poor Law in the central government.At that time Poor Law in Britain underwent a change from a punitive policy to a combination of punitive and relief policy.In the process,relief practice and choice of policy by the local governments were of great significance,which characterized a combination of monetary relief,material relief and laboring relief,and a combination of government relief and charity relief.