浅析语境的作用及影响语境的因素

语境对交际双方的语言运用起制约和解释两种作用。说话人要选择适合语境的语言表达形式 ;听话人则借助语境弥补对话中省略的推理过程 ,或在有歧义的情况下选择词义。背景知识的多寡和相关性的高低是影响语境的重要因素。语境伴随语篇和交际而产生 ,并随着交际的推进层层展开 ,因而语境是动态的。交际者可以借助已有语境理解语篇 ,也可以主动地利用各种手段创造有利于交际的语境。

The Role of Context and Its Influential Factors

Context serves both to interpret and restrict. A speaker/writer chooses language forms relevant to the context to convey ideas; a listener /reader may comprehend language forms with the help of the context. The important factors influencing the encoding and decoding of the context are world knowledge and relativity of the context. While people may use context to understand language forms, they also create various contexts to help them in communication.