区域法治水平、农户信贷可得性与福利变化

基于交易费用理论，利用《中国分省份市场化指数报告》和2015年中国家庭金融调查数据，探讨区域法治水平变化对农户信贷资本获取以及福利水平的影响。研究显示，提升区域法治水平可以缓解农户信贷约束，提高信贷可得性。同时，区域法治水平提高能通过直接效应和间接效应来提高农户收入水平，且直接效应大于通过信贷渠道所发挥的间接效应。异质性分析表明，区域法治水平提高可以直接改善小农户福利水平，并通过信贷渠道间接改善大农户福利水平。对此，相关部门应重视完善农村法律体系建设，提高法律法规执行效率，培养农户法律意识，实现产权保护和金融发展的良性互动。

Regional Rule of Law,Farmers' Credit Availability and Welfare Changes

Based on transaction cost theory, the impact of regional rule of law changes on the access to credit capital and welfare level of rural households was discussed by using the data of China’s Provincial Marketability Index Report and China Household Finance Survey in 2015. Research shows that improving the regional rule of law can alleviate credit constraints of farmers and improve the availability of credit. At the same time, the improvement of regional rule of law can improve the income level of farmers through direct effect and indirect effect, and the direct effect is greater than the indirect effect through the credit channel. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the improvement of regional rule of law can directly improve the welfare level of small farmers, and indirectly improve the welfare level of big farmers through credit channel. In this regard, relevant departments should pay attention to improving the construction of rural legal system, improve the efficiency of law and regulation enforcement, cultivate farmers’ legal awareness, and realize the benign interaction between property rights protection and financial development.