论马克思自由观的当代视野

在马克思哲学中,对自由首先应当作存在论而不是认识论或价值论的理解和把握。属于自由的最内在本质诚然是以某种根本的必然性为前提的,但自由的获得是一个历史(时间)过程,而客观的物质条件(包括物质生产、制度以及来自空间等等方面的因素)只是人们能够追求自由生活的前提,而不是自由生活本身的开始。对于高扬自由与物质生活、个性发展与生产力发展两者不可兼顾的论点,需要认真省思和批判,但现在,这种省思和批判所具有的政治哲学的含义还未得到应有的估价。

The Contemporary Perspective of Marxist View of Liberty

Liberty should be first understood and grasped as an ontological , rather than epistemological or axiological concept. The most inherent essence of liberty is preconditioned on some fundamental neccssity. But the acquirement of liberty is a historical (temporality) process, and objective material conditions (they refer to the aspect of material production, as well as to those of the institutions and elements of space etc.) are only the precondition for people to seek after a free life, but they are not the beginning of the free life itself. In face to face with the viewpoint that freedom enhancement and material prosperity, personality development and the development of productive forces are not compatible, we need to conduct severe reflection and critique. But for now, the political philosophical meaning of such kind of reflection and critique is yet underestimated.