19世纪末20世纪初俄国企业主的慈善活动

19世纪末20世纪初，以企业主阶层为代表的社会慈善活动，占据了俄国慈善事业的主导地位，俄国企业主在传统济贫、社会助养、教育、医疗、宗教等广泛的社会领域，进行了规模巨大、形式多样的慈善活动。其动机既有传统宗教伦理的道德导向因素，也有新兴资产阶级追求个人名誉、渴望社会认同和获取经济回报的现实利益诉求。企业主阶层的慈善活动一定程度上起到了调节社会再分配的作用，但不能从根本上调和尖锐的阶级矛盾、改变俄国社会普遍的反资本主义情结，其自身最终也随着俄国无产阶级革命的胜利而消亡。

The Charity Activities of the Russian Business Owners During the Late 19th and Early 20th Centurie

Between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the social charity activities mainly from business class occupied the dominance of philanthropy in Russia .Russian entrepreneurs carried out the huge and diverse forms of charity activities in a wide range of the society as traditional poor -support, social adoption, medical service, education, religion and so on.Their motivation included the ethics moral orientation factors of traditional religion , also emerging bourgeois’ pursuit of person-al reputation, social identity and the economic returns of realistic interests.To some extent Entrepreneurs charity activities played a role in regulating the social redistribution , but could not reconcile the sharp class warfare fundamentally , or change social universal anti –capitalism.And itself disappeared with the victory of the proletarian revolution in Russia finally .