南宋初院画的兴盛及其原因

南宋初年宋金停战,经济、社会有较大发展,宋高宗恢复了画院。由于建制与北宋不同,高宗对画家奖掖甚力,大批南渡的院画家充分发挥了艺术才能,造就出绘画的中兴。伴随着文人画的退潮,南宋院画较之北宋有不少发展进步,究其原因,是多方面的。而与高宗个人相关的,主要有四点:一是高宗宣扬"中兴",绘画转向历史题材,促进了画院人物画的发展;二是能充分发挥不同画家的专长和创造性,使院画各类作品艺术水平普遍提高;三是画家不再拘守某种范式,有较大的创作自由;四是高宗较尊重画家的创作个性,较重视画家的创作权,使画家的主体意识增强。

On the thriving of Academy Painting in early South-Song Dynasty

At early South-Song Dynastry, after the war between the Song Dynasty and Jin stopped, there was a rapid development in economy and society. The Emperor restored the Painting Academy, which functioned under a different system from that of the North-Song. The Emperor did a lot to encourage the painters and those painters of the Painting Academy had chance to show their talents.Hence the thriving of painting. While the painting by men of letters declined, the painting of South-Song Academy Painting thrived. The Emperor made contribution in four aspects. One , he encouraged the shift to historical subject of matter in painting; second, he encouraged painters to develop their creativity; third, he gave painters more freedom in artistic creating; and fourth, he respected painters' individualism.