我国城乡居民消费行为的差异性及其政策含义

 我国城乡居民的消费行为存在较大的差异性，以西方消费理论为基础，对城乡居民消费函数分别进行实证检验发现，这种差异性具体表现在相临期间消费关联性、自发消费、边际消费倾向和消费行为稳定性这四个方面。我国城乡居民消费行为的差异性具有重要的政策含义，它表明需要采取城乡有别的消费政策，刺激城镇居民消费的重点应当是通过结构调整与体制改革提高其边际消费倾向，而扩大农村居民消费的关键则应该是提高农民收入水平、优化农民消费行为、促进农民消费的稳定增长。

The Consumption Behavior Differences between Urban and Rural Residents and Policy Implications

There are significant differences between urban and rural residents in their consumption behaviors. Based on western consumption theories, we make an empirical analysis on urban and rural residents’ consumption functions and reveal that the differences are presented on four spheres including the relativity of consumptions between neighboring periods, spontaneous consumption, marginal consumption propensity as well as the stability of consumption. Our findings have important policy implications since they demonstrate that we should pursue differentiated consumption policies for urban and rural residents respectively. For stimulating urban residents’ consumption, the emphasis should be put on raising marginal consumption propensity through economic structure reconstruction and institutional reform; while for expanding rural residents’ consumption, the key points should be increasing their income, optimizing their consumption behavior and promoting the stability of their consumption growth.