曾巩的佛教观浅论

在北宋学术界,曾巩无疑是反佛排佛的代表人物,其精神堪比唐代的韩愈。和韩愈一样,曾巩是站在儒家立场上反对佛教的。但韩愈以儒反佛重在讲华夷之辨,视佛教为外来的、有损中华文化的思想而反对之;曾巩则把佛教和诸子百家同等看待,在中华文化的语境内品评儒佛两家的优劣高下,讲求其学理上的内外之分。曾巩反佛方式的变化既能显示时代社会的变迁和思想学术的转型,也表明了佛教发展的最终本土化。曾巩对佛教价值的评判还有着经济因素的考量,反映了佛教发展和经济活动之间的矛盾关系。

An analysis on Zeng Gong's Buddhist Ideas

In the intellectual circle of Northern Song Dynasty, Zeng Gong, the representative of the Anti-Buddhism , struggled against Buddhism in the same way as that of Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty for the sake of Confucialism. While Han focused on the difference between the Chinese culture and the so-called barbarians from overseas and regarded Buddhism as alien ideology harmful to China＇ culture and thus fought against it, the latter treated it as an equal to the Various schools of intellect and appraised the merits between Confucislism and Buddhism respectively, emphasizing the difference of methodology upon physics and psychology. Zeng~s different style not only revealed the change of the times and the transformation of ideology and intellectualism but also witnessed the final localization of Buddhism in China. On the other hand, however, Zeng＇s appraisal on the value of Buddhism also involved the consideration on economic factors, which reflected the conflict between the Buddhism and economic activities.