语体文的欧化与大众化之辩——评1934年的大众语论争

1934年的大众语论争,非常具有历史的戏剧性。文言复古派攻击欧化的白话文深奥难解、异化青年;大众语的提倡者采取迂回的战术,指责白话文不够白,借此化解文言复古势头,进而推进大众语建设;而五四新文学传统的维护者则在白话、文言、大众语三者之间来回求证。在论争中,如何对待语体文的大众化与欧化的关系问题是分歧的焦点所在。论争已超越了简单的新与旧、精英与大众、启蒙与救亡、资产阶级与无产阶级之间的对立和分野,反映了自五四以来社会与文学领域所积累的症结和冲突。

The Arguement about Text Language Being Europeanized or Popularized: Comment On the Discussion of Public Language in 1934

The discussion of public language in 1934 has historical dramatic.On one hand,a part of people,who insisted of classic language,criticize that the europeanized language was abstruse.On the other hand,in order to develop the public language,some people criticized the written form of modern Chinese was not enough plain to understand easily.So,the part of people who insisted the "Wu Si" literature tradition must explain of the relation among the written form of modern Chinese and the classic language and the public language.In contestation,the focus was how to treat the problem of text being popularized or Europeanized.The contestation had overstepped new and old,elite and the public,enlighten and save,which has reflects the backlog and conflict from society and literature realm since"Wu Si".