技术合理性的社会批判:从马尔库塞、哈贝马斯到芬伯格

马尔库塞指出技术发挥了意识形态的功能,技术的合理性变成了统治的合理性,技术强化了社会统治;哈贝马斯把技术合理性看做是一种工具合理性,分析技术如何转变成意识形态,并把技术统治解释成生活世界殖民化;芬伯格批判吸收了马尔库塞和哈贝马斯的研究成果,重视技术的可选择性,从技术批判理论的角度分析技术合理性与社会统治的关系。技术合理性的社会批判从马尔库塞、哈贝马斯到芬伯格的演变,为我们正确看待技术在社会发展中的作用提供了启示。

Social Criticism of Technological Rationality: From Marcuse,Habermas to Feenberg

Marcuse points out that technology serves as a type of ideology,thus converting technological rationality into ruling rationality,i.e.,technology strengthens social ruling.Habermas regards technological rationality as a kind of tool rationality and interprets technological ruling as a colonization of the world by analyzing how technology is converted into an ideology.Critically absorbing Marcuse’s and Habermas’ theories,Feenberg attaches great importance to the selectivity of technology and explores the relationship between technological rationality and social ruling from the perspective of technological criticism.The theoretical development of social criticism of technological rationality from Marcuse,Habermas to Feenberg helps us better understand the social role of technology.