动物权利论与生物中心论——西方环境伦理学的两大流派

目的/意义突如其来的新冠肺炎（COVID-19） ^①疫情打乱了社会经济和国民生活秩序，也引发深刻反思。人与动物的关系问题自古是哲学家探索自然无法绕开的问题，汤姆•雷根主张动物拥有平等道德权利的理论，跳出人类中心主义视角，以平等、尊重生命主体维度重构人与动物的关系。设计/方法通过文本分析，梳理雷根理论的核心术语及其逻辑，结合疫情、国情，审视动物权利理论。结论/发现从理念维度立足固有价值、尊重原则、非人类中心主义的价值观念，正视人与动物的关系，提高保护动物的意识，尊重野生动物的生存权利和生存环境；从现实维度，仁慈对待养殖动物、提倡素食、规范动物实验伦理、反对猎捕动物娱乐活动、关注濒危动物，约束人类行为，形成人与自然和谐相处，万物共生共享的美好景象。

Enlightenment from Tom Regan's

[Purpose/Significance] The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has disrupted the social economy and the national order of life, and also caused profound introspection.The relationship between man and animals has been a problem that philosophers have been unable to avoid in their exploration of nature since ancient times. Tom Regan advocated the theory that animals have equal moral rights, jumped out of the perspective of anthropocentrism and reconstructed the relationship between humans and animals from the dimension of equality and respect for the subject of life. [Design/Methodology] through text analysis, the core terms and logic of Regen’s theory were sorted out, and the animal rights theory was examined in combination with the epidemic situation and national conditions. [Findings/Conclusions] From the perspective of philosophy, based on the values of inherent value, respect principles, and non-anthropocentrism value ideal, human beings should face up to the relationship between humans and animals, improve the awareness of protecting animals, and respect the right to live and the environment of wild animals. From the perspective of reality, human beings should be kind to farming animals, promote vegetarianism, standardize animal experimentation ethics, oppose to hunting and recreational activities for animals, pay attention to endangered animals, restrict human behavior, and form a beautiful scene of harmony between man and nature and the symbiosis of all things.