疫情高发期的农业发展:新挑战与新思维

由于农业生产的自然依赖性高、产出的可连续性弱、产品的贮存周期短和需求的可调节性低,所以农业本身具有强易损性。伴随全球生物性公共安全事件进入高频爆发期,农业原有的易损性被进一步负面强化,加剧了农产品生产、消费和贸易的不确定性。基于疫情高发情景及其对农业发展影响的深刻性,重构中国农业发展的新思维势在必行。本文认为,经济发展重心应向农业、农村倾斜,即从以城市为中心的经济增长,转为以县城及中心镇为重点的城乡融合;农业发展重心应向安全、稳定转移,即从追求农业规模经济性和效率改进,转为农业产品供应和生产环境安全;农业安全重心应向功能、效益兼顾,即从以产量提升促进安全思路,转为以功能拓展促进农业安全。

Agricultural Development During the High Incidence Period of Epidemics:New Challenge and New Thinking

With high dependence on nature,poor continuity in output,short period of storage and low adjustability in demand,agriculture originally is highly vulnerabl.When entering a high-frequency outbreak period of global biological public security events,the original vulnerability of agriculture has been further negatively strengthened,which is indicated by the increasing uncertainty in agricultural production,consumption and trade.Thus,considering the high incidence of epidemic and its profound impact on agricultural development,it is imperative to reconstruct the thinking of agricultural development in China.The present paper holds that the economic development needs to emphasize on agricultural department and rural areas,that is transforming from urban centered economic growth to urban-rural integration of county and town centered growth.Then,agricultural development needs to attach to importance safety and stability,that is transforming from pursuing agricultural scale economy and efficiency improvement to agricultural product supply safety and production environment safety.Further,agricultural safety needs to focus on a balance of function and benefit,that is transforming the thought of promoting agricultural safety by increasing yield to promoting safety by funcional expansion.