走向最后的历史主义典型化写作--评《李自成》后两卷的艺术成就兼谈历史小说的典型观问题

《李自成》后两卷第四、第五卷出版后至今未有评论,其实后两卷是这部史诗性长篇历史小说的有机组成部分.作为走向最后的历史主义典型化写作,它在对明末农民起义与明王朝命运的反思以及满汉民族关系处理等方面都颇有成就;尽管这之中它还存在这样那样的一些问题和不足.对《李自成》后两卷进行总结,不仅关系到对该书总体艺术成就的评价,同时也对当下及未来历史小说的整体创作和发展具有重要的现实意义.

The Historical Typification Composing Model Approaching to the End--Comment on the Artistic Achievement of the Last Two Volumes of LI ZiCheng and on the Typical View of Historical Novels

There has not been any comment on the fourth and the fifth volumes of LI ZiCheng since they were published.In fact,they are organic portions of this epic voluminous historical novels.The last two volumes adopting the historical typification composing model which approaches to the end have obtained considerable achievements in terms of the following two parts: the interaction of farmer insurgence in last phase of an age and the destiny of Ming dynasty and treatment on Man-Han national relationship.To tell the truth,there are several small shortage existing in these two volumes.To summarize these two volumes of LI ZiCheng not only benefits to the comment on the whole artistic achievement of this novel but also supplies great realistic significance for the composition and development of present and future historical novels.