从物流的需求属性论物流的本质

针对中国物流市场“小散乱差”、大多数货运企业未真正实现传统货运向现代物流的转型升级问题，从哲学角度分析物流的本质属性，以经济学中的社会分工与交易成本理论为基础分析物流产生及发展机理。研究认为，物流是社会经济的派生性需求，物流是商品经济发展到一定阶段的必然产物，物流形态与社会经济形态自相似同构，物流需求与供给相互作用，朝着个性化、精细化方向发展；依据服务理论，物流的本质是服务，是物流企业提供给客户的物品空间与时间位移的服务，物流以运动的形式存在于整个过程中；从供给侧结构性改革的角度，可见物流需求与供给性矛盾突出，建议增加物流供给数量，扩大物流供给范围，提高物流供给质量，物流企业应找准细分市场、提供精准物流，政府应定位好角色、物流行业协会应发挥好政府与企业之间的桥梁作用。

Analysis of essence of logistics from logistics demand attribute

To solve the problems that China logistics market is “small, scattered and poor” and most freight enterprises hasn’t realize the transformation and upgrading from traditional freight to modern logistics, this paper analyzed the essence of logistics from the perspective of philosophy and the generation and development mechanism of logistics based on the economic theories such as social division of labor and transaction cost theory. The results show that logistics is the derived demand of the social economy; logistics is the inexorable product when commodity economy develops to a certain stage; logistics mode is similar to the socio economic formation, and logistics demand and supply interact with each other and develop in the direction of individuation and refinement. According to the service theory, the essence of logistics is service that logistics enterprise provides the clients with object space and time displacement, and logistics exists throughout the process in the form of movement. From the perspective of supply side structural reform, logistics demand and supply are obviously contradictory. It puts forward some suggestions such as increasing the quantity of logistics supply, expanding the scope of logistics supply, and improving the quality of logistics supply. In addition, logistics enterprises should identify the market segments and provide precise logistics, government should make clear its role, and logistics associations should play the role of a bridge between governments and enterprises.