古汉语“A空+N”与“N+A空”的语义与句法历时对比研究

基于CCL语料库，定性与定量相结合历时考察古汉语表量构式“A空+N”和“N+A空”的语义特征与句法功能异同。研究发现，“A空+N”构式多表“确量”，① “N+A空”构式多表“约量”；② “A空+N”构式仅作谓语、定语、补语，而“N+A空”构式可充当主、谓、宾、定、状、补，且前者多作谓语，后者首作宾语，次作定语；所遵循表量准则差异导致表量语义差异，而表量语义差异催生了不同构式和句法功能差异。

Semantics and Syntax of the Chinese Constructions Asp+N and N+Asp

This paper attempts to make a quantitative and diachronic investigation into the semantic and syntactic similarities and differences between the Chinese “Asp+N” and “N+Asp” constructions. It comes to the following findings: “Asp+N” is closely related to precise measurement, while “N+Asp” is related to estimated measurement; “Asp+N” often follows the probability scale of predicate, attribute and complement, while “N+Asp” object, attribute, predicate, complement, adverbial and subject; These similarities and differences mainly result from the quantity maxims and quantity differences.