现代汉语单音副词探源

现代汉语共时系统中共有单音副词373个。其中清代以前已有的副词316个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的84．7％；20世纪新兴的副词57个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的15．28％。清代以前就有的副词属于继承前代而来的，其中上古汉语中已见的183个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的49．06％；中古汉语中已见的47个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的12．6％；近代汉语中已见的86个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的23．05％。同时，在现代汉语单音副词中，有方言副词18个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的4．82％；书面语副词88个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的23.59％；单义副词47个，占现代汉语单音副词总数的12．6％。这种在一定范围内的定量分析研究，对于汉语词汇的断代研究，有划定大致范围的学术价值。

Origin of Modern Chinese Monosyllabic Adverbs

There are 373 monosyllabic adverbs in the synchronic system of Modern Chinese,among which before the Qing Dynasty there has been 316 adverbs which accounted for 84.7% of the total number of monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese.In the 20th century,there emerged 57 adverbs which accounted for 15.28% of the total number of monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese.Ad-verbs existed before the Qing Dynasty belong to the inheritance of the adverbs of previous dynasties, among which there are 183 existed in ancient Chinese and is 49.06% of the total number of monosyl-labic adverbs in Modern Chinese,and 47 in the middle of the ancient Chinese language and is 12.6%of the total number of monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese,and 86 in Modern Chinese and is 23.05% of the total number of monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese.At the same time,in the monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese,there are 18 dialects adverbs accounted for 4.82% of the total number of monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese,88 written language adverbs accounted for 23.59% of the total number of monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese and 47 primitive adverbs ac-counted for 12.6% of the total number of monosyllabic adverbs in Modern Chinese.This is an analy-sis within certain range of quantitative and has academic value in dynastic research of Chinese vocabu-lary and the delineating of the approximate range.