乾隆朝殿试策问考题研究——侧重与当时社会治理的关系

清代乾隆朝共进行了26次殿试。殿试形式为策问,策问考题涉及治国方针、官风吏治、民生、漕运、水利河工、儒学、士风士习、民风民俗,书籍修纂、边备军事、对外贸易等内容。乾隆朝殿试考题,既有考核人才的作用,也有借此寻求社会治理之方的功能。此外,因乾隆朝统治前、后期形势的不同,题目尽管围绕社会治理而言,但重点却有所区别,反映出了当时国家的社会控制能力减弱、乾隆帝对吏治败坏的忽视与无为等诸多问题。而乾隆帝通过殿试策上传递出的这些侧重与偏好,与当时的士习官风,有着紧密的互动关系。

Research on Dianshi Cewen in Qianlong Period Mainly about Social Governance

During Qianlong period in the Qing dynasty,there were twenty-six Cewen in the Final Imperial Examination (Dianshi).They included so many problems such as kingcraft,official's conduct and management,people's livelihood,water conservancy,Confucianism,scholar's vogue,folkway,compiling books,frontier defense,foreign trade and so on.To sum up,Cewen in the Qianlong period emphasized on practicality.Because of various positions,pivots in the early and later period during reign of Qianlong were different.It reflect...