技术标准中必要专利的认定

经济全球化使越来越多的企业和国家认识到技术标准的重要性,纷纷投入大量的人力、物力和财力去制定、推广技术标准,以期获得巨额垄断利益,使技术标准成为保护国家和地区利益的技术壁垒。技术标准的实施和相关专利实施许可中的首要问题是必要专利的认定,这也是促进专利许可公平、合理实现的关键因素。必要专利的认定应当考虑技术因素、法律因素,同时排除商业因素。目前对必要专利的认定多由专利权人、专利许可组织或他们聘请的专业人士进行,但这一认定的单方性可能有失公正。引入第三方专利评估机构独立承担认定工作才是避免不公正的有效途径。

On Identification to Essential Patents in Technical Standards

Economic globalization is leading more and more companies and countries to realize the significance of technical standards,which have committed a lot of manpower,material and financial resources to developing and promoting technical standard in order to seize substantial monopoly profits,make technical standards technical barriers for protecting national and regional interests.Identifying ＂Essential patent＂ is the most important in implementing technical standards and licensing related patents and also is the foundation of realizing a fair and reasonable patent licensing.Technical and legal factors should be considered in identifying ＂Essential patent＂ and commercial considerations should be excluded.The current patent licensing practice is permitted by the patentee,patent licensing organization or the technical experts they hire to identify ＂Essential patent＂.Given the fear that the unilaterality of such a identification may lack of impartiality,it is thought that introducing an independent third party rating agency to patent identification undoubtedly is an effective solution to avoidance of unfairness.