北宋“三孔”籍贯新考

北宋“三孔”(孔文仲、孔武仲、孔平仲兄弟),《宋史》、《四库全书总目提要》、清代编纂的《新喻县志》等称之为“临江新喻人”。但明清的《临江府志》却说他们是临江峡江人,清代《江西通志》和《民国江西通志稿》又称其为临江军新淦人。为此,今天出版的辞书、诗词选本等对他们的籍贯介绍,三说并存,莫衷一是。文献梳理和实地考察的大量证据证明,“三孔”的籍贯是宋时的临江军新淦县,明代嘉靖五年析新淦地置峡江县至今,“三孔”的故乡属峡江县。

A new research on the three Kong brothers of the Northern Song Dynasty

According to the History of the Song Dynasty,the General Précis of the Complete Literary in Four Divisions and the Annals of Xinyu County compiled in the Qing Dynasty,the three Kong brothers(Kong Wenzhong,Kong Wuzhong and Kong Pingzhong) of the Northern Song Dynasty were native of Xinyu County,Linjiang Prefecture.But the Annals of Linjiang Prefecture identified them as people of Xiajiang while the Qing's General Annals of Jiangxi and the General Annals of Jiangxi in the Period of Republic of China described them as from Xingan of Linjiang Military Prefecture.Many modern dictionaries and anthologies of poetry also give confusing information about their hometown.Through the document study and on-the-spot investigation,we can be certain that the native place of the three Kong brothers is Xingan County of Linjiang Military Prefecture.As Xingan was put under Xiajiang County since the period of Jiajing Emperor in the Ming Dynasty,it is natural to conclude that their hometown is in Xiajiang County.