刍议梭伦改革中财富决定人的社会政治地位的原则

梭伦改革前,血统原则是判断雅典人社会政治地位的唯一标准。贵族垄断国家权力,拥有政治经济特权;平民经济上遭受剥削,政治上无权。贵族和平民矛盾尖锐,因而引发社会冲突。梭伦临危受命,担当改革重任,确立了＂以财富决定社会政治地位的原则＂,打破了血统原则,削弱了氏族贵族的力量,提高了平民,尤其是工商业奴隶主阶层的政治地位,为雅典建立民主政治奠定了基础;这一政治原则不仅奠定了私有财产的法理依据,而且调动了公民创造财富的热情,促进了工商业经济的发展。同时也对后世欧洲的发展产生了深远的影响。

On Principle of Deciding One′s Social and Political Status by Wealth in Solon′s of Reform

Before Solon Reform,lineage principle was the only way to judge people′s social and political status in Athens,the aristocratic class had the monopoly power of the state with political and economic privileges while civilians being exploited economically without political right.Contradiction was sharp between the aristocratic and civilian,Thus leading to the social conflicts.Solon was entrusted with mission of reform at this critical moment.He established a principle called "wealth determines the social and political status" which broke the blood relationship principle,weakened aristocratic clan power and improved the civilians′,especially industrial slave owner′s social status.This helped to lay the foundation for the Athenian democracy.This political principle helped not only establish the legal basis of private property but mobilize citizens′ enthusiasm to create wealth and eventually promoted business economic development.At the same time it produced a far-reaching effect on the later European progress.