非宾格化与非作格化视角下的 双及物构式意义

非宾格化削弱了主语的施事性,也让谓语表征为结果或终止状态,并驱动隐含的第二层次主谓结构所表征的存现意义呈否定状态.非作格化强化了第一层次主谓结构的动作性特征,并驱动第二层次的主谓结构呈常规的存现意义,由此证明了双及物构式的意义是左向或右向传递.予取的双向性可以共存于同一双及物句,但予取的内容不一定是物质性的实体.物质性实体或非物质性实体的双向传递,可以概括为双向的损益关系,这就是双及物构式的意义.

Meaning of Ditransitive Construction: From the Perspective of Unaccusativization and Unergativization

Through the use of lexical or syntactic means ditransitive constructions which are ambiguous in giving or taking can be clarified as a result of unaccusativization and unergativization respectively. Unaccusativization weakens the agentivity of subject and profiles the predicate to be a result or final state, which, as a result, drives the implicit predicating structure to assume a negative existential structure. Unergativization strengthens the activity displayed by the predicate and motivates the implicit predicating structure to assume positive existential structure. In this way the meaning of ditransitive construction can be proved to be either leftward or rightward transfer, whose reliability can be testified by the use of giving and taking verbs. What is given or taken may be either physical or nonphysical, in this case, bidirectional transfer of benefit and cost can be concluded. Such is the meaning of ditransitive construction.