帮扶模式、帮扶周期、帮扶力度与低收入群体增收效应

在迈向共同富裕的现代化新征程中，低收入人群的稳定增收仍是关键。对低收入群体帮扶是促进共同富裕的重要路径，但帮扶模式的多样性、时间的持久性与投入的强度等决策是复杂的利益博弈过程，非对称地影响低收入群体增收。实证研究表明，帮扶模式多样性诱发的复杂利益博弈，造成规模经济效应减少、寻租机会增加、低收入群体增收潜力受损，间接降低低收入群体收入。帮扶持久性易产生帮扶政策逆向选择和道德风险，刺激低收入群体“等靠要”，激励社会“精英捕获”，进而降低低收入群体收入。而帮扶投入强度低弹性增加低收入群体收入，效率有待进一步提升。建议制定政策以应对帮扶模式过度多样化、帮扶持久性失准和帮扶投入失衡问题，重点推行政府代缴新农合、政府代缴新农保、产业帮扶、耕地保护补贴与生计补助等帮扶模式，有效推进乡村振兴顺利实施。

Support Model,Duration,Intensity and the Income-growth Effect of the Low-income Groups

China has embarked on a new modern journey towards common prosperity,it is still essential that the low-income groups stably increase their income.Support to the low-income groups is an important way to promote common prosperity,but the diversity of support models,the persistence of support duration and the intensity of support are a process of complex interest game,which asymmetrically affect the income of the low-income groups.The empirical study shows that the complex interest game induced by the diversity of support models leads to excessive diversity of support models.It reduces the effects scale economy,increases the rent-seeking opportunities,damages the potential income growth,and reduces the income of the low-income groups.Support duration generates adverse selection of support policies as well as moral hazard,stimulating the low-income groups to "wait for" supportand encouraging social "elite capture" to reduce the income of the low-income groups.In addition,support intensity increases the income of low-income groups with low elasticity,and its efficiency needs to be further improved.It is suggested that policies should be formulated to deal with the problems of excessive diversification of support models,inaccuracy support duration and imbalance of support investment,with emphasis on implementing support models such as government payment of new rural cooperative medical care,new rural insurance,industrial assistance,cultivated land protection subsidies and livelihood subsidies,so as effectively promote the smooth implementation of rural vitalization.