科技创新供给侧改革视角下企业创新策略选择研究

科技创新供给侧改革是企业追求高质量创新路径的重要引导,是新时代创新战略的必然选择。基于科技创新供给侧改革视角,构建政府与企业的科技创新演化博弈模型,并以深沪A股124家企业2011-2017年专利和研发数据,分析科技创新供给侧改革前后科技政策对企业创新策略以及创新产出的影响并进行验证。研究结果显示,政府与企业的博弈最终趋向于"激励-实质性创新"的均衡解。供给侧改革前,企业注重追求"高速度、高数量"的创新产出;供给侧改革后,企业开始逐渐增加"高质量"的发明专利申请,减少实用型专利和外观专利的科技创新产出,企业规模和股权结构对企业实质创新也有一定的促进作用。因此,应当深化科技创新供给侧改革力度,构建以企业实质性创新绩效为导向的科技创新政策体系,推动大规模企业创新进程,重点扶持中小规模企业创新发展。

Research on the Choice of Enterprise Innovation Strategy from the Perspective of Supply-side Reform of Science and Technology Innovation

The supply-side reform of science and technology innovation is an important guide for enterprises to pursue a high-quality innovation,and is an inevitable choice for innovation strategy in the new era.This paper,from the perspective of supply-side science and technology innovation,eonstructs an evolutionary game model for government and enterprise’s science and technology innovation,and then analyzes the impact of technological policies on the innovation strategy and innovation output before and after the reform based on the 2011-2017 patents and R&D data of 124 companies in Shenzhen and Shanghai A-shares.The results show that the game between government and enterprises tends to be a balanced solution of "incentive-substantial innovation".Before the supply-side reform,enterprises pay attention to the pursuit of "high speeds high quantity" of innovative output;After the supply-side reform,enterprises began to gradually increase the number of "high-quality" invention patent applications while reducing the science and technology innovation output of practical patents and appearance patents.Meanwhile,enterprises scale and the ownership structure have a certain role in promoting the substantive innovation of enterprises.Therefore,the government should deepen the reform of science and technology innovation at the supply side,build a policy system oriented to the substantive innovation performance of enterprises,promote the innovation process of large-scale enterprises,and focus on supporting the innovation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises.