农民工的就业选择:零工抑或长工——基于沈阳市的调查

近年来,很多城市出现自发形成的马路劳务市场,虽然在一定程度上缓解了农民工的就业压力,但也给城市管理带来难题。因此,研究农民工的就业选择机制,了解马路劳务市场的形成原因,对城市管理具有重要借鉴意义。通过对沈阳市多个马路劳务市场的零工及其他职业农民工(长工)的调查,获得320份样本数据,采用二元Logit模型研究农民工就业选择的影响因素。结果表明:男性相对女性来说更有可能选择打零工;年龄越大,农民工打零工的概率就越高;受教育程度与农民工打长工的概率正相关;没有接受过培训的农民工选择打零工的概率较高;兼业的农民工会更愿意在农闲时进城打零工;社会关系网成员的数量和职业声望都会对农民工的就业选择产生影响。

Migrant Workers＇Employment Option：Odd Jobs or Long-term Jobs -- A Study Based on the Survey in Shenyang City

In recent years, spontaneous labor markets by the streets in many cities, to some extent, ease the employment pressure of migrant workers.However,they pose a challenge to urban management.So research on migrant workers＇ employment option mechanism and how these markets have been formed is of great signifi- cance for urban management. Based on the survey data of about 320 migrant workers, some of odd jobs from multiple by-the-road labor markets and others of long-term jobs in Shenyang, this paper analyzes the factors impacting their choice of employment by binary logit model. The results show that： men are more likely to choose odd jobs from the by-the-road labor markets than women.The probability to take odd jobs increases as migrant workers get older. Migrant workers of better education are more likely to have long-term jobs.The possibility of choosing odd jobs is very high for those who have not training experience.In agricultural slack season, some farmers choose odd jobs in cities as part-time jobs. Both the number and career prestige of members of social net work impact the employment option of migrant workers.