德国高校学生关键能力的培养及启示

德国的高等教育水平一直位于世界前列,这与其先进的教育理念和完善的教学制度密不可分。近年来,德国高校引入了“关键能力”理念,并将之作为培养学生的重要指标。关键能力涵盖专业能力、方法能力、社会能力和自我能力等多种能力,不仅诠释了教育的本质,还反应了现代社会对人才的需求。目前德国高校已经形成了系统而科学的关键能力培养体系,这一体系包括模块化课程设置、以学生为中心的教学模式等一体化及附加培养方式。

Key Skill Building in German Universities and Its Inspiration

German education has a long history. The concept of key skills was proposed by Mertens in 1974, which follows the tradition of liberal education and aims to meet the need of modern society. Key skills include abilities of learning and performance, social skills, skills of problem solving, self ability etc. Nowadays German universities have formed a relatively complete system of key skill building, such as modular courses, Student-centered Teaching, practice and workshop and social activities. The experiences of German universities can help us to improve our Quality-oriented Education.