人民币汇率补贴论:美国贸易堡垒的新借口——以美国《汇率改革促进公平贸易法案》为视角

美国《汇率改革促进公平贸易法案》(编号H.R.2 378,以下简称H.R.2 378法案)的出台已引起中国的强烈反对。该法案针对中国汇率政策,将在特定条件下把所谓"人民币低估"行为视为《补贴与反补贴措施协定》中的出口补贴。但根据世界贸易组织的相关规定和案例,人民币汇率并不构成出口补贴,美国拟采取贸易措施对中国输美产品进行征税,不但于法无据,而且违反非歧视原则,与《补贴与反补贴措施协议》倡导的公平贸易的精神背道而驰,可能引致国际贸易争端,构建新的贸易壁垒。文章对此进行分析,并提出我国应对策略。

Subsidies on RMB Exchange Rate: New Pretext of the U.S. Trade Barriers——From the Perspective of the U.S. Currency Reform for Fair Trade Act

The United States Currency Rreform or Fair Trade Act(numbers H.R.2 378,H.R.2 378 of the following abbreviation bill) introduced has aroused strong opposition from China.The bill aimed at China’s exchange rate policy,will be under certain conditions,the so-called "undervalued" acts as Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures of export subsidies.But according to the rules and cases of World Trade Organization,the RMB exchange rate does not constitute the export subsidies,the United States will take measures to trade on China’s exports to America taxes,not only no legal basis,and in violation of the principle of non-discrimination,and Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures advocate fair trade spirit draw further apart,may lead to international trade disputes,construction of new trade barriers.The article undertakes an analysis to this,put forward our country’s coping strategies.