建筑工程评标关键因素研究

在现行的招标投标管理制度里,招标文件具体约定了企业争夺特定标的时要遵循的游戏规则,作用十分突出。当前建筑工程合同执行过程中出现的如围标串标、权力寻租、低价低质、劳资纠纷等问题,与业主在招标文件里约定的不合理的竞争内容和竞争方式有很大的关系。通过对比分析全国376份招标文件,运用内容分析法(content analysis)识别建筑工程招标文件最常用的评标因素,在此基础上将它们归纳为条件性因素、考量性因素和考评性因素三类。现行招标活动 “重考评性因素、轻考量性因素”的做法不利于建筑市场运行秩序化和行业可持续发展;而提升考量性因素在招标文件的地位,构建全国性建筑业资信系统和推行相关的运行制度,有助于解决当前许多产业发展问题。

Key Evaluation Factors on Construction Project Tender Documents

Under the current tendering system,the role of tender documents is very important in specifying business competition for project works. A recently growing number of industrial evidences have demonstrated that many industrial problems,such as tendering rigging,collusive tendering,rent seeking,low bid price with low quality,labor dispute,are due to the inefficiency in construction business competition which is usually laid down in tender documents. Through content analysis on 376 used tender documents,this research serves to identify the most frequently factors for tender evaluation. The identified factors can be classified into three groups,namely conditional factors(CF),evaluating factors(EF) and decision factors(DF). It is found that practitioners has paid more attention to DF than the other two,and this consequently fails to favor an orderly operation of construction market and sustainable development of the industry. To improve the efficiency of the tendering system,it is recommended to develop and implement a credit system in the construction sector nationwide.