严复进化论伦理思想评述

严复的伦理思想深受西学尤其是达尔文生物进化论的影响.严复认为,中国在近代被动挨打的现实应验了"物竞天择、适者生存"的自然规律,所以中国要想改变自己的历史命运就必须首先对中国人落后的国民性和低下的国民素质进行彻底的改造.为此,严复将进化论的自然法则运用到了人类社会发展的历史领域,形成了其独特的以"鼓民力、开民智、新民德"主张为核心,以倡导西学、道德重建、人格重塑为实质内容,以功利主义为特征的进化论伦理思想.

Comments on Yan Fu's Ethics Thought in the Evolution Theory

Yan Fu's ethics was profoundly influenced by the western learning,especially by Darwin's Evolution Theory.Yan Fu advocated the fact that the modern China was invaded and oppressed actually fit in with the natural rule of"survival of the fittest".Therefore,if China wanted to completely change its destiny,it should first of all transform its citizens' low level of national character and their national qualities.Yan Fu,by applying the natural rule of the Evolution Theory in the historical field of social development,formed his own ethics thought.