青少年生命认知的影响因素初探

有关青少年生命认识的影响因素的研究在中国尚处于薄弱地位。通过对中小学生的生命认知及相关因素的实证研究发现：个体经历不同，在死亡认知上的表现差异显著，经历过人的死亡的青少年有更多表达了对死亡本质的认知，较少表达对死亡的具体形象认知；父母的应对方式不同．导致青少年对于死亡认知的表达有显著差异。日常生活中对死亡事件是否讨论，会影响到青少年对生命以及死亡的认知。生命认知方面，有过讨论经验的青少年有更多对生命表达态度的认知；死亡认知方面，有过讨论经验的青少年有更多对死亡本质和表达态度的认知。

Research on Factors Influencing on Children’s Life Cognition

.725 children, recruited from some elementary schools and high schools in Shanghai, were asked to complete their sentences by using ＂life＂ and ＂death＂ and corresponding questionnaires. The results showed as followings： （1） there was significantly different death cognition between children with experience with death and never experience with death. Children who experienced with the death of relatives presented more abstract cognition of death, but less image cognition of death. coping styles did significantly differ. After children （2） Death cognition of children with parents using different experienced with relatives＂ and pets＂ death, those whose parents talked about it presented more attitude cognition of death. （3） Life cognition and death cognition all did significantly differ between children who discussed death with their parents in life talk and those who didn＇t. Children who discussed death with their parents expressed more attitude cognition of life, more abstract cognition of death and even more attitude cognition of death.