徽商兴衰原因探析

徽州商帮兴起于明代成化、弘治年间,于清代后期逐渐衰落解体,历经四百余年。其发展历经兴起、暂时性衰落、中兴及衰落解体四个阶段,它的兴衰轨迹与明清时期社会经济发展脉络有着同一性。本文以徽商发展脉络为线,以其所经营的盐、典、木、茶四大宗（主要是盐业和茶业）为例,探讨其兴衰原因,以期对当今徽州乃至中国社会发展提供一定的借鉴与指导意义。

On the Reasons of the Rise and Decline of Huizhou Merchants

Huizhou merchants,is the aggregation of all the merchants that attached to the ancient Huizhou District,which contained six counties.It rose from the middle of Ming Dynasty,then became one of the most important business groups in China,and after active in China Society for about 400 years,declined at the middle and late Qing Dynasty The track of the develop stages was similar with the contemporary social economy route.The paper will linear on the development of Huizhou Merchants and exemplified with its mainly dealings,especially salt and tea,and combined the exact history events,mainly explain the reasons of the rise and decline of Huizhou merchants,then shed light on the revelations of it.