从“可游可居”的审美理想看中国山水画的构图特点

“可游可居”作为中国山水审美理想的产生有其深刻的思想根源和历史的发展过程。“道游于艺,艺合乎于道”,“可游可居”的审美理想对中国山水画构图的影响体现在五个方面：“游-居”的观察方式、“线性的画面结构”、平面二维的“远”的空间、“以大观小”的“山水之法”以及意象化的符号。文章指出道在艺中的作用,由构思层面来把握构图的特征,探讨古人审美心理的形成渊源和古典图式背后的心理因素。

Composing features of Chinese landscape painting reflected in the aesthetic ideal of roaming and residing

Regarded as the aesthetic ideal for Chinese landscape painting,the concept of roaming and residing has a profound historical and ideological backdrop.Tao embodies itself in art,and meanwhile art abides by the Tao.The influence of the aesthetic ideal on Chinese landscape painting emerges in five aspects,namely : the observation pattern of roaming and residing,the linear composition structure,the method of flattening the space for vision,the visualized symbol,the law of landscape to perceive details through observation of the whole,and the fun produced from the game of ink.This paper gives an emphasis on the role that Tao plays in art.It also investigates intensively the forming origin of ancient people's aesthetic psychology and the psychological factors that influence the classic scheme.