武汉工厂内迁及其对武汉工业发展的影响

晚清武汉曾经是与上海实力相当的工商业重镇，钢铁与军事工业堪称国内翘楚。进入民国后，武汉工业尽管在全国的位次略微后移，但总体趋势是在晚清开创的基础上继续发展，是中国为数不多的重要工业基地之一。1937年7月日本发动全面侵华战争，中国工业被迫向抗战大后方搬迁，武汉工厂作为内迁的重点，与先期内迁的江浙工厂一道，共同演绎了中国抗战进程中的悲壮一幕。武汉工厂内迁不仅避免了武汉工业被日军利用的严重后果，有效保存了中国工业实力，而且促进了抗战大后方工业与当地经济的发展，为争取抗战胜利作出了杰出贡献。但从另一方面讲，武汉的工厂大搬家以及长达7年的沦陷，中断了武汉经济的正常发展进程，给武汉工业造成了深痛巨创，到新中国成立时，武汉工业仍未能恢复到抗战前水平。

The Inland Movement of the Factories from Wuhan and its Compact on the Industrial Development of Wuhan

Wuhan was an industrial and commercial city as important as Shanghai in strength in the later Qing Dynasty,with its iron and steel and military industries named first in China.After entering the Republic of China,although the position of the Wuhan's industry had shifted a little backward,generally speaking,it continued to develop on the basis built up in the later Qing Dynasty and became one of the few important industrial bases in China.With the full invasion of the Japanese to China in the July of 1937,Ch...