约旦社会保障制度改革及其启示

和世界上大多数国家一样,约旦也面临着越来越严重的人口老龄化问题。为此,约旦政府在社会保障领域实施了三项重要的改革措施。一是参数式改革,即不改变现有制度的性质,只是调整具体的参数;二是整合碎片化制度改革,把公务员和军事人员纳入全国统一的社保制度中来;三是未雨绸缪,积极开展公共预筹积累制改革,融资模式由现收现付制逐步过渡到部分积累制,不断完善投资管理体制。这三项改革不仅符合世界银行提倡的改革模式,而且这三项改革措施之间的相互配合与协调,有力地推动了约旦社保制度的改革和发展,具有极强的借鉴意义。

Jordanian Social Security Reform and Its Experiences

As other countries in the world,Jordan faces more and more pressure from aged population. Jordan’s government adopts three important methods to reform current social security system. Firstly,parametric reform doesn’t change the nature of current system but adjust the parameters of the scheme. Secondly,unification of fragment reform absorbs public service plan and military plan into Jordanian social security system. Thirdly,public refunding reform changes the pay-as-you-go system to partial funded system. These reform policies are compatible and can improve the stability of Jordanian social security. Jordanian reform experiences deserve further study.