留学生与现实主义文艺理论在中国的传播

20世纪上半叶,西方文艺理论在中国得到了广泛的传播。留学生作为一个特殊的文化群体,成为西方文艺理论在中国传播的重要媒介。在现实主义文艺理论的传播过程中,留学生作出了特殊贡献:在五四时期,陈独秀、周作人、鲁迅等留学生最先介绍了欧洲的现实主义理论和作品;左联时期,周扬、萧三、胡风等介绍了苏联的社会主义现实主义理论和作品,并展开了争论。在此期间,茅盾、郑振铎等非留学生出身的作家、理论家也宣传现实主义理论并创作。但留学生理论家、作家与非留学生理论家、作家在传播现实主义理论方面有所区别:贡献大小不等,时间先后不一;理论宣传和创作的侧重点不同。由于现实主义理论在中国的广泛传播,现实主义文学成为中国现代文学的主流。

Overseas Returnees and the Propagation of Realist Literary Theories in China

In the first half of the 20th century,western literary theories had been vastly spread in China.As a special cultural community,Chinese students who had gone abroad to study acted as an important media in the process.The returnees made a special contribution to the spreading of realist literary theory: in the May 4th Movement,Chen Duxiu,Zhou Zuoren,Lu Xun were the first to introduce European realist theories and works to China,and within the Left Alliance,Zhou Yang,Xiao San,Hu Feng,etc.introduced and debate...