服务业开放、生产率与出口产品质量

在由贸易大国向贸易强国转变的关键时期,提升企业出口产品质量是增强我国贸易竞争力、提高贸易地位的必由之路。构建了通过提高服务业生产率推动出口产品质量升级的理论模型,并使用2004—2013年中国工业企业数据库与海关数据库的匹配数据,从微观层面进行了实证检验。研究发现,在总体上,服务业开放能显著促进出口产品质量提升;从不同服务部门来看,金融服务、科技服务、个人服务和其他商务服务这四个服务部门的贸易自由化能显著提高出口产品质量,同时服务业开放对东部地区企业、一般贸易和其他贸易企业、国有企业以及高服务使用率企业的出口产品质量的提升作用更为明显。进一步研究证明,服务业开放能够通过提高服务业生产率这一渠道提高出口产品质量。研究为推进服务贸易自由化进程提高、出口产品质量提供了政策参考。

The Effect of the Opening up and Productivity of Service Industry on the Quality of Export Products

In the critical period of China’s transition from a big trading country to a strong trading country,improving the quality of export products is the only way to enhance China’s trade competitiveness and status.This paper constructs a theoretical model to promote the quality upgrade of export products by improving the productivity of service industry,and uses the matching data of the China Industrial Enterprise Database and the Customs Database from 2004 to 2013 to conduct an empirical test at the micro level.The study has found that on the whole,the opening up of the service industry can significantly promote the quality upgrade of export products.From the perspective of different service sectors,the trade liberalization in such four service sectors as financial services,technology services,personal services and other business services can significantly improve the quality of export products.At the same time,the opening up of the service industry has a more obvious effect on improving the quality of export products of enterprises in the eastern region,general trade and other trading enterprises,state-owned enterprises,and enterprises with high service utilization rates.Further research proves that the opening up of the service industry can improve the quality of export products by increasing the productivity of the service industry.The research in this paper provides a policy reference for advancing the process of service trade liberalization and improving the quality of export products.