The older the bolder: Does relative age among peers influence children’s preference for competition? |
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Institution: | 1. Queen''s Management School, Queen''s University Belfast, Riddel Hall, 185 Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5EE, United Kingdom;2. Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, University of Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia;3. IZA, Bonn;1. Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, Bannerghatta Main Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560076, India;2. Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 4, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark;3. Univ. Lyon, CNRS, GATE, 93 Chemin des Mouilles, F-69130 Ecully, France;4. IZA, Bonn, Germany |
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Abstract: | Having been relatively old at school tends to have a long lasting positive effect on professional achievement, in particular in competitive environments (sports, politics). We investigate the roots of this pattern and study whether the relative age position of children at school plays a role in shaping their preference for competition. We run a controlled experiment in high schools across two states in Australia. Our participants are students who are the very oldest or very youngest in their classroom. We elicit their preference for competition using the Niederle and Vesterlund (2007) task and find evidence of an effect of relative age. This effect is concentrated on male students. We find no differences in self-confidence, and risk attitudes between relatively old and young students. These results suggest that the observed pattern may come from pure preference for competition. |
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Keywords: | Relative age Competitive preference Self-confidence Artefactual field experiment |
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