土家族民间工艺变迁研究

文章通过对土家族地区传统工艺的田野调查,以土家族传统织锦、刺绣、竹编、竹筷等工艺为例,从人类学的视角阐述了民间工艺从生活到艺术的转变过程,并分析了这一变迁对民间工艺带来的影响和引起变迁的原因。文章指出,引发这些变化的原因是多方面的,诸如社会经济基础和人们价值观念的变化,现代传媒和旅游业的影响,政府的引导,学者和文化人的介入,现代技术的应用,生态环境的变化等,是多种合力作用的结果。

A Study of Folk Craftworks Change of Tujia Nationality

The paper expounds changes of the folk craftworks from the perspective of anthropology,by taking tapis,needleworks,bamboo intertextures,bamboo chopsticks as the examples,makes an analysis of the influences of the change on folk craftworks and the reasons for the change.It is pointed out that the change of usage of folk craftworks leads to that of raw materials,traditional varieties and patterns,forms of production and organization,and separation of manufacturers and designers.Various factors cause the change,such as social and economic change and change of values,influences and modern media and tourism,guidance of the local government,intervening of scholars and application of modern technology.