自然资源耗竭与经济可持续增长：基于四部门内生增长模型分析

本文在已有研究文献的基础上发展了一个基于水平创新的四部门内生增长模型,探讨了人口增长、自然资源耗竭、内生技术进步与长期经济增长的关系.通过对模型的社会最优均衡分析和竞争性市场均衡分析,分别求出了均衡解、均衡解存在性条件以及在人口增长和资源约束下经济可持续增长所需的条件,并证明了分权经济条件下的市场均衡解往往是非帕累托最优的,进一步分析了导致市场效率损失的主要原因及其政策涵义.

Natural Resource Depletion and Sustainable Economic Growth Based on a Four-Sector Endogenous Growth Model

We extend the endogenous growth model with horizontal innovations given by Romer(1990) to construct a four-sector growth model in which we introduce a non-renewable resource extraction sector.In this set-up,we focus on how population growth,increasing non-renewable resource depletion and degradation,and endogenous technological progress affect long-run economic growth.First,we characterize the social optimum and the competitive equilibrium problems,and we derive the solutions of the optimum and the competitive equilibrium and the conditions under which the balanced growth paths exist.This paper demonstrates that the decentralized and Pareto optimal growth rates are,in general,different.Moreover,we analyse the main reasons for the market inefficiency,and discuss their policy implications.