基于低碳视角的政府监管与制造商生产的演化博弈研究

政府制定的监管政策对制造商生产策略的选择具有重要影响。本文基于低碳视角，引入政府碳税系数、补贴系数、低碳产品生产成本等参数，针对税收与补贴混合政策、单一税收政策和单一补贴政策三种模式，分别建立了政府与制造商之间决策行为的演化博弈模型，对比分析了不同监管政策下政府和制造商达到均衡所需条件的差异，并进一步探讨了影响政府、制造商决策的关键因素。研究结果表明，当初始生产低碳产品的制造商比例相同时，政府实施混合政策比单一税收政策或补贴政策对制造商生产低碳产品的激励作用更加明显。政府监管与政府低碳税收、高碳产品罚款和监管成本有关，制造商生产低碳产品受到产品成本、收益的影响。研究结论不仅为政府制定低碳产品政策提供了科学依据，也为制造商选择低碳产品策略给予了决策支撑。

Research on Evolutionary Game of Government Regulation and Production of Manufacturer in the Angle of Low Carbon

The regulation policies formulated by the government play key roles when manufacturers select production strategies. From the angle of low carbon, parameters such as government carbon tax coefficient, subsidy coefficient, production costs of low carbon products are introduced, under three models including mixed policies of tax and subsidy, single tax policy, and single subsidy policy. The evolutionary game model of decision making behavior of governments and manufacturers is established, conditions on which governments' policies and manufacturers' policies achieve a balance under different regulation policies are compared and analyzed. The factors affecting decision making of governments and manufacturers are studied.The study result shows that when low carbon products produced by manufacturers are in the same proportion, if the government implements mixed strategy rather than single tax strategy or single subsidy policy, it will be more effective for increasing production proportion of manufacturers. The factors that influence government and manufacturer decision-making are closely related to government expenditure cost, tax coefficient, subsidy coefficient, manufacturer's product income and carbon emissions.Finally, based on the perspective of government regulation, the measures to increase the proportion of manufacturers producing low-carbon products are given. The research conclusion can not only provide scientific theoretical basis to the formulation of government tax policies, but also give support to relevant management decision making of manufacturers.