美国文化及自然遗产保护的历史与经验

美国的文化与自然遗产保护运动具有明显的自下而上的特点,在这个过程中,民间社团组织发挥了重要作用。由于历史较短等各方面原因,美国的小型文化遗产并不是特别丰富,因此它的保护重点主要集中在对历史遗址、遗迹及自然遗产的保护方面,并主要以国家公园的方式进行。此外,在欧美各国中,美国对民间风俗习惯等无形文化遗产的关照应该说是较为超前的。

The History and Experience of the Protection of American Culture and Natural Heritage

The protection of American culture and natural heritage is characterized as from bottom to top and the folk association plays a key role in the process.Because America has a short history and its small-scale cultural heritage is not rich enough,attention is focused on the protection of the historical relic and cultural heritage and on the building of the national park.America pays attention to the protection of the none-material culture earlier than European countries.