孔子“孝”非反思先行性之哲学分析

孔子"孝"之非反思性的先行状态可以从以下几个角度来论证:"孝"之为人伦中心与"仁"可以打通;孔子对于"孝"的非反思性的先行性的确立其实可以回溯到他对天地自然运动的深刻领会,而将个体的"孝"经验上升到全体人类的"仁"境,最直接的基础是宗教感情,由此可以论证"孝"之非反思先行性的宗教性维度。由此可见,孔子提倡的"孝",不仅仅是其中心思想"仁"的根基,而且可以与孔子对于天地自然的本体论理解相通,也可以与基于祖先崇拜的宗教情感相通,如此,"孝"就由个体源初的感情,上升到人类全体以致世界全体,成为人非反思地面对世界全体的不可移易的先行性基石。

A Philosophical Analysis on the Pre- Reflective,A Priori Confucian "Family Reverence (Xiao孝)"

"Family reverence" serves as a pre-reflection,and a priori foundation for Confucian ontology and religious sensibility.There are several aspects to this argument:in Confucius’ ideas,"family reverence" is the origin and foundation for "benevolence/humanity";the fundamental and a priori role of "family reverence" in Confucius’ thought can be traced back to his philosophical reflection on the natural movements;and the personal feelings of "family reverence" can be traced back to the religious sensibility when worshipping one’s ancestors.Thus,"family reverence" is not to be understood restrictively as a personal and original feeling,but it can (and perhaps should) be extended to incorporate a sensibility about humankind and the whole world.Following this argument,"family reverence" should be considered as the a priori foundation in the Confucian sensibility of incorporating the whole world.