减刑假释实行申请制之倡导

根据我国刑法规定，减刑假释程序是由执行机关提出减刑假释意见书，法院组成合议庭作出裁定。现有制度存在很大不合理性，犯罪人作为减刑假释的直接获益人，被排斥在程序之外并不能保障犯罪人的利益，而且会导致假释使用率被执行机关人为降低。减刑假释本质都应采用权利说，二者本质上并无差别，且优劣互补，只是具体执行方式不同，因此减刑假释应当实行申请制，由犯罪人根据自身情况自由选择减刑或者假释并先行提出申请，执行机关提出意见书，法院居中裁定。减刑假释实行申请制有利于司法机关选择真正适合犯罪人的执行措施，提高犯罪人改造的积极性，使得对犯罪人的改造更加有效、更加彻底，同时也保障了犯罪人的合法权益。

On the Implementation of Application System to Commutation and Parole

According to the criminal law of our country, commutation or parole require the executive department to present a relevant submission to the court for the collegiate bench to make arbitration. However the procedure is to some extent improper in that criminal, as the direct beneficiary, is excluded in this procedure. Thus, it may not ensure the rights and interests of the criminal, and moreover it is unavoidable that the executive department may deliberately decrease the application of commutation or parole. In spite of respective advantages and disadvantages, both commutation and parole are rights by nature. Thus, application system should be applied. Commutation or parole should respect the willing of the criminal. Criminals should submit applications according to their subjective needs, then the executive department propose submissions to the court. The proper procedure will ensure the legal rights of the criminals and will surely improve the their reform activity in turn.