形而上学基本态度中的人与存在——论海德格尔与“自身意识”传统的关系

海德格尔对近代欧洲哲学传统的“自身意识”问题的思考具有独特的视点和方向。他实际上预先含有对自身意识及其历史进行解构的意图 :他不想从自身意识本身或从孤立的人之为人出发 ,而是从一开始就试图在人与存在的关系中来把握人的基本结构。此在 (人 )与存在的关系因此而被放置到了近代传统的人的自身关系之前。人的自身关系惟有从他与存在的存在关系出发才能得到理解。海德格尔相信通过这种努力 ,可以对自近代笛卡尔以来的思想发展歧途起到纠偏的作用。

On metaphysical Human and Being

Heidegger's thoughts of the issue of "self consciousness" in the modern European philosophical tradition have peculiar aspects and dimensions. In fact, he has the intention of the destruction of self consciousness and its history: He will not start at the self consciousness or at the isolated Human as such, but from the beginning, he tries to seize the basic structure of Human in the relationship between Human and Being. The relations between Dasein (Human) and Sein (Being) are set therefore before the self relations of Human in the modern tradition. Only through coming from Being relations between Human and Being, the self relations of Human can be understood. Heidegger believes that this can have the function to readjust the direction of development of the modern thoughts since Descartes.