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The interplay between formal project memberships and informal advice seeking in knowledge-intensive firms: A multilevel network approach
Institution:1. Centre for Transformative Innovation, Faculty of Business and Law, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Mail H25, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia;2. Department of Business Administration, Chair for Organization and HRM, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Platz der Alten Synagoge 1, 79085 Freiburg, Germany;1. Chair of Social Networks, ETH Zürich, Switzerland;2. Social Network Analysis Research Center, University of Italian Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland;3. Catholic University of Rome, Italy;4. University of Greenwich, UK;1. Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Paris, CSO-CNRS and SPC, 19 rue Amélie, 75007 Paris, France;2. MAP5, UFR de Mathématiques et Informatique, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris cedex 06, France;3. AgroParisTech/UMR INRA MIA 518, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France;1. Radboud University, Nijmegen School of Management, Institute for Management Research, The Netherlands;2. University of Groningen, School of Economics and Business, The Netherlands;1. Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales (IRISSO), Université Paris-Dauphine, Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 75016 Paris, France;2. Centre de Sociologie des Organisations (CSO), Sciences Po-Paris, 19 rue Amélie, 75007 Paris, France;1. US Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, USA;2. National Human Genome Research Institute, USA;1. ETH Zürich, Chair of Social Networks, Clausiusstrasse 50, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;2. University of Oxford, Nuffield College, New Road, Oxford OX1 1NF, United Kingdom;3. University of Groningen, Department of Sociology, Grote Rozentstraat 31, Groningen 9712 TG, The Netherlands;4. MTA-TK “Lendület” Research Center for Educational and Network Studies, [Hungarian Academy of Sciences], Országház utca 30, Budapest 1014, Hungary
Abstract:In this study we investigate the interplay between knowledge workers’ formal project team memberships and their informal interactions from a multilevel network perspective. Conceptualizing knowledge workers’ affiliation with project teams as a membership network and their interactions as an advice network, we discuss how shared project team memberships as well as multiple memberships influence patterns of informal exchange in knowledge-intensive organizations. To empirically determine the impact of formal organization on informal exchange we apply exponential random graph models for multilevel networks to relational data collected on 434 R&D employees working on 218 project teams in a high-tech firm in Germany. Our results show that employees sharing project memberships create advice ties to each other but do not exchange advice reciprocally. In addition, we find a negative relationship between having a high number of project memberships and informally seeking or providing advice.
Keywords:Project memberships  Interpersonal exchange  Knowledge-intensive organization  ERGM  Multilevel network
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