生态敏感区农户多维贫困测度与精准扶贫优先序分析

为实现精准识别和精准扶贫的目标，通过多维贫困测度法探索贫困的深度和诱因变得尤为重要。基于陕西省商洛市商州区的调研数据，采用Alkire Foster多维贫困测度方法从收入、健康、教育、生活设施和自然地理环境5个维度对贫困地区农户进行多维贫困测度与分解。研究表明：（1）单一维度上，农户贫困状况仍然不容乐观，各维度贫困发生率存在显著差异；（2）多维度贫困测度上，多维贫困指数随着贫困剥夺维度K的增加而不断减小，变化趋势呈现倒“S”型曲线，变化速度呈现先上升后下降的倒“U”型趋势；（3）多维贫困指数以及发生率高于其他研究，表明生态敏感区的异质程度高；（4）多维贫困指数存在地区异质性；（5）多维贫困指数的贡献率存在维度差异性，教育、收入、健康和基础设施是造成贫困的重要原因。

Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Prioritization for Accurate Poverty Alleviation for Farmers of Ecological Sensitive Area

In order to meet the goal of precise identification and accurate poverty alleviation, it is greatly significant to explore the degree and incentives of poverty through Multidimensional Poverty Measurement.Based on the survey data of farmers in Shangzhou District,Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province, the Alkire-Foster Multidimensional Poverty Measurement Model was used to measure and decompose multi-dimensional poverty in rural areas from the five dimensions of income,health,education,living facilities and natural geographical environment.The results shows that:(1) The single-dimensional poverty situation of farmers is still not optimistic, and the incidence of poverty in each dimension has significant differences;(2) The multidimensional poverty index declines with the increase in the dimension of deprivation named K in the measurement of multi-dimensional poverty.The change of multidimensional poverty index shows an inverted S-shaped curve and the variation of rate shows an inverted U-shaped trend that increases first and then declines;(3) Both of the index of multi-dimensional poverty and the incidence of poverty are higher than other studies,which indicates that the ecologically sensitive area is highly heterogeneous;(4) There is regional heterogeneity in the multidimensional poverty index; (5) The contribution rate of the multidimensional poverty index is dimensionally different and all the education,income, health as well as infrastructure are important reasons of poverty.