江浙军阀战争与上海特别市的发端

上海在鸦片战争后被辟为通商口岸 ,因租界的设立而确立起特殊的地位。民国初年 ,上海丰厚的财力资源又成为各路军阀战争的直接动因 ,而 192 3年 10月到 192 5年的江浙军阀战争 ,皖、直、奉三系军阀混战 ,多次出兵 ,给上海地方带来的巨大破坏 ,引发了上海各界城市自治运动的兴起 ,他们谋求通过建立上海特别市 ,达到避免战争的目的 ,实现上海地方自治。经过斗争 ,于 192 7年形成了上海特别市的雏形 ,但由于军阀的本质及全国军阀割据的局面仍然存在 ,上海地方自治效果与其筹备时的初衷相去甚远。

Wars between Warlords in Jiangsu and Zhejiang and Inchoation of Shanghai Special Administrative City

After the Opium War, Shanghai was indicated as a treaty port. Its special position was established due to the setting up of the Concession. In the early years of the republic, the abundant financial resource became the direct motive of the warlords to start wars. During October 1923 through 1925, the wars between warlords from Zhejiang and Jiangsu made immeasurable damage to Shanghai, when the warlords from Anhui, Zhili, and Fenghua fighting battles in the city. As a result, movements initiated by citizens of all walks sought the establishment of Shanghai special city to avoid wars and to achieve the goal of autonomous state in the city. In 1927, the rudiment of Shanghai Special City gradually came into being, although the separated occupation by warlords still existed, which was not in line with the original intention when autonomous status was initiated.