梁启超与中江兆民的民权思想管窥

民权思想是政治法律思想史的核心内容之一,同时也是近现代宪政体制的理论基石之一。梁启超主要是从民权与君权关系的角度来强调＂人人有自主之权＂的必要性,其立意在于伸张民权而限制君权,进而达到变法图强的目的;中江兆民的民权思想则直接与自由平等观念相连,强调政府的职能在于保障人民的平等自由和增进人民的福祉,与西方启蒙思想家们主张的民主思想更加相通。

A Comparison of Thoughts of Civil Rights Proposed by Liang Qi Chao and Nakae Chomin

Thought of civil rights is not only the core part in the history of politics and laws,but also the theoretical foundation of constitutional regime in modern times.Liang Qi Chao,the famous statesman in China emphasized the necessity of ＂people＇s independence＂ by analyzing the relations between civil rights and monarchical power.He proposed to grant people the former more and confine the latter accordingly so as to make the nation powerful through reforms and innovations;while Nakae Chomin,the well-known Japanese scholar connected civil rights with the idea of being free and equal.He focused on government＇s role of safeguarding people＇s equality,freedom and welfare.His viewpoints have similarities with the democratic thoughts advocated in the western Enlightenment.