晚清科学出版的流变与走向

晚清科学出版由教会播种,兴于洋务运动,成于甲午战争之后。其纲领和学科顺序也随着出版主体的变化而发生了从 应用科学到理论科学再到社会科学的演变。到晚清后期,西学的外延逐步超迈了科学,而出版也成为一个从单纯翻译书籍到 编、印、发并重的系统,突破了早期以编译等于出版的认识。上海处于中国沿江、沿海的"弓箭"交叉点上,一举成为晚清科学出 版的中心,并形成了晚清时期以上海为中心向内地传播科学的特点。另外,西学出版的上游渠道逐渐从欧美转移到日本,大大 提高了引进出版效率,现代出版功能也随之得到了丰富和发展。

The Changes and Tendency of Publishing in the Late Qing Dynasty

Scientific publishing in the late Qing dynasty had its birth in the churches and its climax was after the Sino -Japanese War (1894 - 1895). Its creed and order of subjects changed from applied sciences to theoretical sciences and then to social sciences with the changes of publishers. Shanghai became a publishing center because of its favorable location. In addition , the publications from the West were gradually given way to the Japanese ones, and the publishing efficiency was thus raised.