从仪式到表演--恩施三岔"还愿"仪式的人类学考察

在湖北恩施三岔一带,有一种古老的还愿仪式,这种仪式保留了许多巫文化和傩文化因子.从其以祭祀为主的表演程式看,应该是处于前傩戏阶段的一种宗教祭祀仪式,对我们认识人类的早期宗教信仰无疑有活化石般的价值.然而,由于社会文化环境的变化,政府的指导,学者、文化人和媒体的介入,还愿仪式正在发生变化,从祭祀仪式向娱乐性的表演演变,其故有的文化内涵和象征也正在消失,其结果将导致民族传统文化的失真.

From Ceremony to Performance--Anthropology Investigation on the Ceremony for Promise Fulfillment in Sancha of Enshi

Around Sancha of Enshi in Hubei province,there is an old ceremony for promise fulfillment,which reserves many factors of cultures about witch and Luo.The performance program with fete as its main part should be one kind of religious fete ceremony on the stage of pre-drama Luo,which is valuable as a living fossil for us to learn about forepart faith of human.Nevertheless,due to the changes of social cultural environment,guidance from government,interposition of scholars,cultural persons and medias,the ceremony for promise fulfillment is changing from fete ceremony to amusing performance,and its inhere cultural connotation and symbol are being disappeared,which will result in the distortion of ethnic traditional culture.